Carmine
Also listed as Cochineal, Cochineal Extract, Carminic Acid, E120, Natural Red 4, and CI 75470.
This is what the ingredient is.
Carmine is a deep red color made from cochineal insects. Labels may also say cochineal extract, carminic acid, or E120.
Here is why it shows up on the label.
It gives yogurt, juice, candy, and some cosmetics a stable crimson color when a natural-looking red is wanted.
Here is what food agencies say.
The FDA does not require batch certification for carmine, but US labels must declare it because of allergy risk. Europe approves it as additive E120, with a suggested daily limit of about five milligrams per kilogram of body weight.
Here is what research has found.
It has a long history of use and holds color well. Allergy risk is the main reason US rules insist on clear labeling.
Here are a few things worth knowing.
It can cause allergic reactions, including rare anaphylaxis, in sensitive people. It is not vegetarian or vegan because it comes from insects.
Sources
- FDA Labeling
- EFSA E120
How to read this page
We publish plain facts about this ingredient so a label is easier to read. This is not medical advice, and it is not a recommendation to buy, avoid, or use anything. For a personal health question, talk with a clinician who knows your history.